Imisinga eyingozi yayincathama phantsi kwamaza.
Bangaphezu kwama-50000 amashishini aseTshayina achaphazelekileyo, kwaye uninzi lwabathengisi abakhulu abasele bemile ixesha elide basilele ukuphuncuka kweli xesha “lokuvalwa kweevenkile”.
Umntu ubona ingozi, umntu ufunda ukujika kunye nomkhwa.
Amashishini amaninzi asekhaya ayeza kwijelo le-B2B (ishishini kwishishini). Ukusuka kwinkampani enkulu enamashumi amawaka abasebenzi ukuya kwisithsaba “esingabonakaliyo” esigxile kumkhondo othe nkqo, bonke bakwitafile yekhadi ukungqina olu hlaziyo lungazange lubonwe ngaphambili.
Abakwazi ukwenza isigqibo apho umsinga uya khona. Nangona kunjalo, i-e-commerce enqumla umda ingenisa ithuba elitsha lembali, kwaye amashishini amaninzi azama ukufumana indlela yawo.
Ixabiso lesihlalo "sokubuyisela" liye landa ngamaxesha angama-12
Ngo-2007, uZeng Hui wabuyela ekhaya ukuba athathe ishishini labazali bakhe.
Lo mzi-mveliso wezixhobo zemoto, oseNanchang, kwiPhondo laseJiangxi, uthwaxwa ziintlungu eziziswa kukutshintsha kwamaxesha: amajelo okuthengisa ayacuthwa kwaye inzuzo iya iba mncinci kwaye incinci. Ngesinye isikhathi, kwakunzima kubathengi ukuba bafole ukuze beze emnyango, kwaye imarike yawela kwimeko apho abanamandla bathatha bonke.
Ndingenza ntoni? Okanye ulandele iibrendi ezinkulu kwaye udibane nabavelisi bezincedisi abaneminyaka engaphezu kweshumi yamava; Okanye zama ukufumana ingoma entsha, kumagama kaZeng Hui, "ukhuphiswano lwe-dislocation".
Kunyaka wokuqala, lo mfana akazange akwazi ukugcina ukuhla komzi-mveliso. Ukungalungi kophawu kunye namandla emveliso kunokubonwa ngeso lenyama, "umboniso uxabisa ngaphezulu kwe-100000, kwaye usenokungafumani mthengi."
Kunyaka olandelayo, ekugqibeleni waqala ukuqonda intsingiselo yokwenene "yokukhuphisana kwe-dislocation". Umzi-mveliso wezinto ezincedisayo wawela kumzila omncinci othe nkqo kwaye waqala ukufunda, ugxile kwizihlalo zoomatshini boshishino kunye nezolimo. Umzekelo, uZeng Hui, udidi oluncinci loomatshini bokwakha yiforklift, "masenze iforklift kuqala."
Kuyasebenza ukuba "yintshatsheli engabonakaliyo" yomzila wokwahlulahlula. Umzi-mveliso wavuselelwa, kwaye izinga lokukhula kweentengiso ngaloo minyaka lifikelele kwi-50% emangalisayo. Namhlanje, umzi-mveliso kaZeng Hui uthathe i-60% yemarike yezihlalo ze-forklift yasekhaya.
Ukongeza ekuphuculeni isicwangciso semveliso, uZeng Hui naye waqala ukufunda i-e-commerce ukuvula iziteshi ezintsha zokuthengisa kwifektri. Unebhongo: "Siliqela lokuqala labavelisi eTshayina ukuthengisa izihlalo zemoto eTaobao nakwi1688."
Ngethamsanqa, uZeng Hui wadibana neB2B ye-e-commerce ewela umda.
Wafunda okokuqala ukuba kukho ihlabathi elinomlingo kwelinye icala lolwandle. Abathengi bakhona baqhelene ngakumbi neemveliso zoomatshini kwaye banamandla amakhulu okugcina nokuguqula. Abanye oomatshini abancinci bezolimo banokuthengiswa ngokuthe ngqo kwiivenkile ezinkulu.
Ngelo xesha, i-e-commerce ewela umda yayiseyinto entsha, kodwa i-traffic eyaziswa ngu-Alibaba yayiyinyani: ukususela ekungeneni kwisikhululo samazwe ngamazwe e-Alibaba, i-factory ye-Zeng Hui yayinokufumana imibuzo ezisixhenxe okanye ezisibhozo okanye ngaphezulu ngosuku. Kwamanye amaqonga e-B2B, kunqabile ukuba ube nemibuzo enye okanye emibini ngeveki.
"Ngelo xesha, isoftware yokuguqulela ayizange iphuhliswe," ukhumbula uZeng Hui. "Siyichwetheze igama negama saza sayiguqulela kwisichazi-magama esikwi-intanethi."
Izihlalo zeForklift kunye nezihlalo zokucheba ingca ziwela ulwandle kwaye zihlanganiswe kwelinye icala lolwandle. Olu lolunye ukhuphiswano olugqibeleleyo lokususwa. Amazwe aseYurophu naseMelika aphumelele igophe lesibini lophuhliso lomzi-mveliso.
“Ngaphesheya kolwandle” kuthetha imarike entsha, ihalo kunye neprimiyamu yophawu.
Ngesinye isihlandlo, uZeng Hui wancokola nomthengi waza wafumanisa ukuba elinye iqela lingene kwibhetshi yezihlalo zaseItali. Enomdla, waya kuwujonga waza wabubona ubuchwephesha bomzi-mveliso wakhe: “Asiyomveliso yethu na le?”
Isulungekile eyenziwe eTshayina ihambe ngaphesheya kolwandle kwaye yabuyela kubathengi baseTshayina. Ezi zihlalo ziye zajikeleza i-Italy kwaye ixabiso labo liye landa ngamaxesha e-12.
Ezi zihlalo "ezibuyileyo" zothusa uZeng Hui: imarike yaphesheya ayisosiqithi sokhuseleko esisisigxina. Ukufumana unyawo oluqinileyo kwisaqhwithi se-e-commerce ewela umda, amandla ophawu ngundoqo.
Ngelo xesha, imfazwe yamaxabiso yayisaziwa e-China, "ukuba uthengisa nge-5 yuan, ndiza kuthengisa nge-4.9 yuan." UZeng Hui uqalise ukucinga ngombuzo omtsha: "ndimele ndenze ntoni ukuba ndifuna ukuthengisa ngokuphindwe kabini kunabanye?"
Kwakhona waqala ukuqesha "ababuyileyo". Umzi-mveliso wezinto ezincedisayo utsale umqolo wobugcisa ongaphezulu kwama-20, kwaye umzi-mveliso wonke unabasebenzi abangaphezu kwama-80 kuphela.
UZeng Hui uthe kufuneka sibambe itekhnoloji ephambili kunye nenkqubo ezandleni zethu kwaye sibeke uphuhliso lophawu. "Ndinethemba lokudala into exabisekileyo endaweni yokhuphiswano olukwinqanaba elisezantsi kunye nokuphindaphinda."
Emva kweminyaka emihlanu, wabuyela kwidabi le-e-commerce eliwela umda
ELuoyang, kwiPhondo laseHenan, “ishishini elikhulu leplastiki eyinkunzi” yibhodi yomqondiso enoonobumba begolide.
Kukho ii-auras ezininzi ezijikelezileyo, kwaye eyona nto ikhangele amehlo ngokungathandabuzekiyo "ishishini eliphambili lokunciphisa intlupheko eLuoyang": kule minyaka isibhozo idlulileyo, imboni yeplastiki enkulu iye yaseka ii-workshops ze-17 zokunciphisa intlupheko eLuoyang, ephuma I-Xin'an County ukuya kwindawo engqonge iYichuan, iLuoning, iRuyang kunye neYiyang, iqhuba abantu abangaphezu kwama-2000 ukuba baye emsebenzini.
Injongo yantlandlolo yeli shishini “yayikukunceda amahlwempu”: UGuo Songtao, owaphumelela kwiYunivesithi yaseZhengzhou, wabuyela kwidolophu yakowabo enenkunzi kunye namava emva kokuqalwa okuninzi.
Ngelo xesha, nangona iNqila yaseXin'an yayikhutshiwe kwintlupheko, iimeko zophuhliso lwasemaphandleni zazisele zisemva. Emva kophando oluphindaphindiweyo, uGuo Songtao wakhetha ngokuzimisela imimandla yasemaphandleni ukuba aqalise amashishini, “imimandla yasemaphandleni nayo inamathuba amahle.”
Isiseko soshishino lokuluka iplastiki siye sathi cwaka.
Ngokusekwe emaphandleni, ishishini leplastiki elikhulu liye laphuhla kwaye likhula, ngengeniso yonyaka yezigidi ezingama-350 kunye nenani labathengi abathembekileyo ngaphandle kwe-intanethi. Ngenxa yobume obuqinileyo benkampani, uGuo Songtao akazange abeke ishishini le-e-commerce kwi-ajenda, kwaye wayenovavanyo olufutshane lwamanzi kwi-2015.
Isiphumo sovavanyo sithi: Kunzima kakhulu" Urhwebo lwe-e-commerce olunqamlezayo lufuna ixesha lokubilisa phambi kokuba luphume. ” utshilo uGuo Songtao ngokuphandle.
Intsebenziswano yokuqala kunye nesikhululo samazwe ngamazwe e-Alibaba yaphazamiseka, kodwa kuyacaca ukuba akazange anikezele ingqalelo yakhe kwesi sikhundla. Ekupheleni kuka-2020, utshintsho lwemeko yobhubhane lwehlabathi kunye nokuchacha ngokukhawuleza kwemiyalelo yorhwebo lwangaphandle kwenza uGuo Songtao wajoja umoya.
UGuo Songtao (owokuqala ekunene)
Ukubuyela kwidabi le-e-commerce ewela umda, ishishini leplastiki elikhulu lenze amalungiselelo apheleleyo.
Eyokuqala nguvimba weetalente. UGuo Songtao wazisa ngokuzingca ukuba inkampani iye yaqesha iingcali ezininzi zorhwebo zangaphandle. “Abathathu babuyile bevela phesheya, ii-majors ezininzi zesiNgesi kunye nenye enkulu yaseFransi…” utshilo.
Okwesibini kukuphucula inkqubo. Ngombulelo kwinkqubela phambili yomthamo wemveliso kunye nobuchwepheshe, iimveliso zengxowa yesikhongozeli eziveliswe kushishino lweplastiki ezinkulu ziye zahambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe.
Urhulumente kaMasipala waseLuoyang ukwanike uncedo ngexesha elifanelekileyo: ngo-2020, iBhunga likarhulumente lavuma ukusekwa kweLuoyang Comprehensive Bonded Zone, echazwa njengeendawo ezine eziphambili: iTekhnoloji ephezulu, indawo yorhwebo yasimahla, indawo yokuzidalela kunye ne-e-commerce ewela umda. indawo yokulinga.
Emva kweminyaka emihlanu yokungabikho, uGuo Songtao akazange akwazi ukukunceda ukuva utshintsho lwalo "mhlobo wakudala" xa wadibana nesikhululo samazwe ngamazwe sase-Alibaba kwakhona: inkonzo yabathengi yayigqibelele ngakumbi, amandla obugcisa ayephezulu, kwaye zonke iintlobo ze-e- uqeqesho lolwazi lwezorhwebo kunye nezifundo bezityebile.
Kwiinyanga ezintlanu kuphela emva kokuqaliswa, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwishishini leplastiki elikhulu lafikelela kwi-10 yezigidi zeeyuan, kwaye utyalo-mali olunzulu lube nembuyekezo eyanelisayo. UGuo Songtao uthe ngoncumo bekuhlala kumnandi ukusebenzisana no-ALI, "balandele."
Iphephandaba leveki lezoqoqosho laseTshayina lakha lacaphula uGuo Songtao esithi: “Impumelelo yomntu asiyompumelelo, kodwa impumelelo eyintlanganisela izuke ngakumbi; Ubutyebi bomntu asibobutyebi, kodwa ubutyebi bentlanganisela butyeba ngakumbi. ”
Kanye njengemvelaphi yegama elithi "ishishini elikhulu leplastiki elixhaswa ngemali" ("ukunyamezela kukhulu, ubukhulu bomelele"), eli qela labantwana abalula nabanamandla baseHenan, bemiliselwe kwi-loess, bawela ulwandle kwinqanawa enkulu yenqanawa. amaxesha.
Elinye icala ngamanzi olwandle, elinye ngumlilo
Ukusukela ngo-2020, ngenxa yozinzo lothintelo kunye nolawulo lwendyikityha yasekhaya kunye nezibonelelo zekhonkco lokubonelela, i-e-commerce enqamleza imida iye yaba yindlela yegolide yabasebenzi basezimayini zegolide.
Nangona kunjalo, phambi komgangatho omkhulu "wokuvalwa kwevenkile", ukuchuma kwangaphambili kudala kwaphanziswa. I-Shenzhen cross border E-Commerce Association iqikelele ukuba ubuncinane i-akhawunti ye-50000 yaseTshayina iya kuchaphazeleka kwaye ilahleko ingadlula i-yuan eyi-100 yeebhiliyoni. Ukungaqiniseki kwe-B2C ngokuxhomekeke kwizithintelo zokusingqongileyo kuphinde kwaba yintsimbi ye-alam ejinga phezu kwamashishini.
Ngexesha elifanayo, iziseko zedatha yorhwebo lwangaphandle zisahamba kakuhle. Ngokutsho kwe-General Administration of customs, urhwebo lwangaphandle lwase-China lugcine ukukhula okulungileyo kwiinyanga ezili-14 ezilandelelanayo. Ngokuphucuka koqoqosho lwehlabathi, imfuno yabathengi baphesheya abakumgangatho B nayo ifikelele kwincopho yembali.
Elinye icala ngamanzi olwandle kwaye elinye ngumlilo.
Ngokwedatha yamva nje yesikhululo samazwe ngamazwe sase-Alibaba, ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuJulayi ka-2021, umndilili yenani labathengi abatyelelweyo, abathengi abahlawulwayo kunye nexabiso lentengiselwano ye-intanethi linyuke ngaphezu kwe-60% unyaka nonyaka. Phakathi kwabo, umyinge wenani labathengi abasebenzayo eUnited States, eIndiya, eUnited Kingdom, eBrazil nakwezinye iindawo ziphindwe kabini.
Ngexabiso eliphantsi lotyalo-mali, ixesha elifutshane lokutshintsha kunye namathuba amaninzi eemarike, amashishini amaninzi aphinde agxila kwi-e-commerce enqumla umda we-B2B, eyona modeli indala nephuhlisiwe ye-e-commerce.
Ngaphambi koko, i-Dalian Zhicheng Furniture Co., Ltd., eyayizibandakanya kwishishini le-C kuphela kwaye ikakhulu ibandakanyeka kwiimveliso zoomatrasi, ngokukhawuleza emva kokujoyina intsimi ye-e-commerce ye-B2B ewela umda, ingeniso yayo kwisikhululo samazwe ngamazwe sase-Ali idlule kwi-US $ 10 yezigidi. , ibalwa kwikota yentengiso iyonke yawo onke amajelo.
"Ukhuphiswano lweB2C lukhulu kakhulu kwaye ixabiso liphezulu." Umntu ophethe eli shishini uthe, "sifuna ukulinganisa ukhuphiswano ngokwenza iB2B, ukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokukhawulezisa uphawu lokuya elwandle."
Le yindlela eqhelekileyo kunye nomzila ophambili we-e-commerce ewela umda, apho abantu abatsha kunye nabantu abadala bahlangana khona. Ukusukela ekusekweni kwayo ngo-1999, abathengisi abaninzi kunye nabathengi ababhalisiweyo kwiminyaka engama-22 eyadlulayo basasebenza kwisikhululo samazwe ngamazwe sase-Alibaba.
Ebhekisa kukubaluleka kunye nomsebenzi wesikhululo samazwe ngamazwe, uZhang Kuo, usekela mongameli weqela le-Alibaba kunye nomphathi jikelele wesikhululo samazwe ngamazwe, ukholelwa ukuba unethemba lokuba iqonga linokusombulula eyona ndawo inzima kakhulu ye-e-commerce ye-B2B - ukunciphisa. umda kunye neendleko zokuya elwandle, ukuze naluphi na urhwebo lwangaphandle uXiaobai "uthengise ihlabathi lonke ngokuchofoza okukodwa".
I-Zeng Hui ilapha ukufanisa ii-odolo kunye nokwandisa ukuthengiselana.
UGuo Songtao ufunda iintengiso kunye nolawulo lwentengiso apha.
Imeko inzima kwaye umoya namaza ayingozi. Kodwa emva kweeseyile eziliwaka, abanye abantu basakhetha ukuya elwandle baze baqale kwakhona
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-31-2021